Effect of porous zirconia ceramics on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of porous surface morphology of zirconia on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.@*METHODS@#According to different manufacturing and pore-forming methods, the zirconia specimens were divided into 4 groups, including milled sintering group (M-Ctrl), milled porous group (M-Porous), 3D printed sintering group (3D-Ctrl) and 3D printed porous group (3D-Porous). The surface micromorphology, surface roughness, contact angle and surface elements of specimens in each group were detected by scanning electron microscope (SEM), 3D laser microscope, contact angle measuring device and energy-dispersion X-ray analysis, respectively. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on 4 groups of zirconia discs. The cell morphology of MC3T3-E1 cells on zirconia discs was eva-luated on 1 and 7 days by SEM. The cell proliferation was detected on 1, 3 and 5 days by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). After osteogenic induction for 14 days, the relative mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type Ⅰ collagen (Colla1), Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) in MC3T3-E1 cells were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.@*RESULTS@#The pore size [(419.72±6.99) μm] and pore depth [(560.38±8.55) μm] of 3D-Porous group were significantly larger than the pore size [(300.55±155.65) μm] and pore depth [(69.97±31.38) μm] of M-Porous group (P < 0.05). The surface of 3D-Porous group appeared with more regular round pores than that of M-Porous group. The contact angles of all the groups were less than 90°. The contact angles of 3D-Ctrl (73.83°±5.34°) and M-Porous group (72.7°±2.72°) were the largest, with no significant difference between them (P>0.05). Cells adhered inside the pores in M-Porous and 3D-Porous groups, and the proliferation activities of them were significantly higher than those of M-Ctrl and 3D-Ctrl groups after 3 and 5 days' culture (P < 0.05). After 14 days' incubation, ALP, Colla1, Runx2 and OCN mRNA expression in 3D-Porous groups were significantly lower than those of M-Ctrl and 3D-Ctrl groups (P < 0.05). Colla1, Runx2 and OCN mRNA expressions in M-Porous group were higher than those of 3D-Porous group (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The porous surface morphology of zirconia can promote the proliferation and adhesion but inhibit the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.

Investigation and analysis of occupational hazards in construction of power transmission and transformation project / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the occupational hazard factors and exposure levels of workers during the construction of power transmission and transformation projects. Methods: Analysis and identification of occupational hazard factors were carried out for typical construction process of 6 power transmission projects and 3 substation projects in September 2018. The on-site occupational health investigation was carried out to detect and analyze the exposure levels of workers to occupational hazard factors. Results: The time weighted average concentration (C(TWA)) of crushing workers exposed to silica dust and welders exposed to welding fume in substation projects were 2.72 and 14.03 mg/m(3), respectively. The 8 h equivalent sound level results of exposure noise of carpenters in power transmission projects and crushing workers, reinforcement workers, carpenters, scaffolders, road builders in substation projects were 87.9, 92.5, 87.1, 92.5, 93.0 and 90.2 dB (A) , respectively. The 4-hour time equal energy frequency weighted vibration acceleration of hand-transmitted vibration of bricklayer in power transmission projects, bricklayer, general worker 3, road builder 1 and road builder 2 of substation projects were 5.36, 5.21, 5.28, 10.71 and 5.22 m/s(2), respectively. The effective irradiance of electric welding arc light of welders' limbs in power transmission projects and substation projects were 401.19, 319.68 μW/cm(2), respectively. All of the above exceeded the requirements of occupational exposure limits. The occupational radiation levels and exposure limits of hazardous chemical factors met the requirements of each post. Conclusion: During the construction of power transmission and transformation projects, the exposure levels of occupational hazard factors in multiple posts exceed the standard. The main responsibility of employers for occupational disease prevention and control should be implemented, and targeted comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the exposure levels of occupational hazard factors of workers.

Effects of Simulated Heat Wave and Ozone on High Fat Diet ApoE Deficient Mice / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the cardiac toxicities of a heat waves and ozone exposure on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and explore a possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The incidence of ozone exposure combined with heat wave was simulated in the Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System (Shanghai-METAS). A total of 64 ApoE-/- mice, matched by weight, were randomly divided into 8 groups and exposed to heat wave conditions or ozone. The levels of creatine kinase (CK), D-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), D-dimer (D2D), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and blood lipid in plasma and heat shock protein-60 (HSP60), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in hearts were measured after exposure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of all indicators, except for SOD, increased with the ozone-only exposure. However, cardiac damage was most significant when the heat wave conditions were combined with severe ozone exposure. Moreover, the levels of CK, D-LDH, NO, PAI-1, sICAM-1, and TNF-α in plasma increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the contents of HSP60, HIF-1α, CRP, and MDA in hearts increased considerably (P < 0.05), but the activity of SOD decreased significantly. In addition, the levels of four blood lipid items remarkably increased (except the level of HDL-C which decreased significantly) with ozone exposure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A short-term exposure to a heat wave and ozone causes severe toxic effects on the heart. Cardiac damage was most significant under combined heat wave and severe ozone exposure simulations.</p>

Alterations of Sirt1 and mTOR activity in gastrocnemius muscle of mice with sarcopenia / 基础医学与临床

Objective To observe the alterations of Sirt1 and mTOR activity in gastrocnemius muscles of mice with sarcopenia. Methods Aged (26 months old) and young (6 months old) male C57BL/6J mice (n=16,respective-ly) were randomly arranged into 2 groups respectively, i. e. middle-aged control ( MC) , middle-aged suspension ( MS) , aged control( AC) and aged suspension( AS) . Aged mice were hindlimb suspended for two weeks to estab-lish a sarcopenic model. Kits and Western blot were used to detecte related factors and protein expression of Sirt1 and mTOR pathway. Results 1) the content of NAD+and the ratio of NAD+/NADH: AC group was significantly lower than MC group ( P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) , HLS group was significantly less than the control group ( P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) . 2) Sirt1 expression: AC group was significantly higher than MC group ( P＜0.05) , and HLS group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).3)Sirt1 downstream substrates (PGC-1α, FOXO1 and P53), NAMPT protein expression and Sirt1 activity: AC group was significantly lower than MC group ( P＜0.05 or P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) , HLS group was significantly less than the control group ( P＜0.05 or P＜0.05 or P＜0.05) . 4) phosphorylation of mTOR, p70S6K and 4E-BP1: AC group was significantly higher than MC group ( P＜0.05) , HLS group was significantly less than the control group ( P＜0.05) . Conclusions Sirt1 and mTOR are involved in the pathogenesis of mice with sarcopenia.

Effects of meticulousness of pathologists on lymph node harvest after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined radical resection of patients with rectal cancer / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the effect of meticulousness of pathologists on the lymph node harvest after radical resection of invasive rectal carcinoma in paients following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Methods The clinical data of 191 patients with rectal cancer (stage I to III) undergoing radical excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Department of ColorectalSurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University from Jan. 2005 to Dec. 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Since Jan. 2009 when multidisciplinary cooperation was carried out, pathologists and surgeons suggested that no less than 15 lymph nodes in single rectal specimen should be found by meticulousness of pathologists, according to which patients were divided into routine sampling group (n=46) and meticulousness group (n=145). The harvest number and positive rate of postoperative lymphnodes were compared between the two groups. Results The lymph node retrieval in the meticulousness group was significantly more than that in the routine sampling group (13.1 ± 4.9 vs 9.6 ± 4.0, P<0.01), and the percentage of patients with the lymph node harvest equaling or more than 12 was significantly increased (69.7% vs 33.3%, P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the positive node harvest number (1.8 ± 2.9 vs 1.9 ± 3.8, P=0.334) or positive rate of lymph nodes (50.0% vs 38.6%, P=0.172) between the two groups. The positive rate of tymph nodes of patients in T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4 stages in the two groups were 25. 0% (1/4) and 22.7% (5/22), 0.0% (0/1) and 33.3% (1/3), 9.1% (1/11) and 25. 0%(8/32), 70.0%(21/30) and 47.1%(40/85), and 0.0%(0/0) and 66. 7%(2/3), respectively. There were no significant differences in T stages between the two groups (X2=4.55, P=0.209). Conclusion The lymph node harvest number is increased by meticulousness of pathologists after multidisciplinary cooperation, while the positive node harvest number and positive rate of tymph nodes are not increased, suggesting that supplementary measures should be taken to obtainmore accurate lymph node status of patients with rectat cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Effect of Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Osteoblasts Cultured on Two Piezoelectric Ceramic Porous Scaffolds / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treatment on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts cultured on barium titanate/titanium alloy (BaTiO3) and zinc oxide/titanium alloy (ZnO) piezoelectric ceramic composite scaffolds.Methods The BaTiO3 and ZnO porous composite scaffolds were randomly divided into ultrasound (UBaTiO3 and UZnO) and control (CBaTiO3 and CZnO)groups,and MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the surface of the materials in each group.Cells in the ultrasound groups were subjected to a 20-min treatment LIPUS session daily,and the control group was sham-treated without the power source.The proliferation and differentiation rates of osteoblasts were evaluated using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),and osteocalcin (OCN) assays.Results Significant differences in the MTF values were observed between the UBaTiO3 and CBaTiO3 groups at day 4 (P ＜ 0.05) and between the UBaTiO3 and UZnO groups at days 1,4,and 7 (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the CBaTiO3 group,the UBaTiO3 group showed significantly higher ALP activity and OCN levels at days 4 and 7 (P ＜ 0.05).Further,a significant difference in the ALP and OCN values between the UBaTiO3 and UZnO groups (P ＜ 0.05) was observed.Conclusion LIPUS promotes the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts on BaTiO3 and ZnO scaffolds.BaTiO3 scaffolds enable better promotion of osteogenesis under LIPUS treatment than ZnO scaffolds do.

Research on Phosphorus Removal in Artificial Wetlands by Plants and Their Photosynthesis

ABSTRACT Urban rainfall runoff pollution has become a major reason for water eutrophication problem in the process of urbanization in China, while phosphorus is a significant restrictive factor that influences primary productivity of freshwater system. It's rather significant to conduct phosphorus control in waste water with engineering measures. This research, based on material balance research of phosphorus in artificial wetlands, HRT (hydraulic retention time) and analysis of wetland plant photosynthesis and removal rate of phosphorus, simulates purification of phosphorus in urban runoff sewage by artificial wetland system. Experiment shows that removal rate of total phosphorus in urban runoff sewage by artificial wetland system reaches 42.23%-60.89%, and contribution rate in removal of phosphorus which is assimilated and absorbed by plants is 14.74%; contribution rate in removal of phosphorus which is accumulated and absorbed by substrates is 43.22%; contribution rate in removal of phosphorus which is absorbed by means like microorganisms is 2.93%. Pollutant absorption by substrates is a process of dynamic equilibrium. With extension of HRT, phosphorus removing effect of wetlands present an increasing and then decreasing tendency; Net photosynthetic rate and TP removal rate of canna and reed have significant positive correlation, and correlation coefficients are respectively 0.941(P<0.001) and 0.915(P<0.05). Substrates and plants are main pathways for phosphorus removal of artificial wetlands, covering 95% of the total removing effect.

A lignin glycoside and a nortriterpenoid from Kadsura coccinea / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the roots and stem bark of Kadsura coccinea.@*METHOD@#Compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and finally purified by prep-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS.@*RESULTS@#Two compounds were determined as (7'S,8'S,8R)-(8β,8'α)-dimethyl-4,4'-dihydroxy-5,3'-dimethoxy-5'-cyclolignan glucoside (1) and micrandiactone H (2), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Compunds 1 and 2 are new and neither showed inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.

Type III familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis susceptibility gene UNC13D involves in homologous recombination repair / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to explore the pathogenesis of type III familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL3) via susceptibility gene UNC13D involving in homologous recombination repair (HRR) of DNA double-strand break (DSB). By means of DNA homologous recombination repair, the change of homologous recombination repair rate of normal control cells and DR-U2OS cells after down-regulation of UNC13D was detected; the UNC13D gene related function was explored. The results showed that DR-U2OS cells displayed a significant reduction in homologous recombination repair of DNA DSB after siRNA knockdown of UNC13D, compared to its normal control cell counterparts (P < 0.05), suggesting that UNC13D was involved in DNA double-stranded breakage repair. It is concluded that UNC13D gene mutation may be involved in the pathogenesis of FHL3 via its dual effects of both the cytotoxic granule exocytosis and decrease of homologous recombination repair rate after the DNA double-strand break, therefore, providing a new theoretical basis to reveal the pathogenesis of FHL3.

Enrichment analysis of Fanconi anemia gene expression profiles in cancer related genesets / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the underlying tumor susceptibility mechanisms and reasons for the high risk of cancer in Fanconi anemia (FA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was performed to compare gene expression profiles between 21 FA patients' bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cell (BMNC) and 11 normal controls in cancer related gene sets from NCBI GEO database, then core enriched genes were identified by further investigation. Through enrichment analyzing biological processes of gene ontology sets and structural genomic gene sets between FA expression profiles and control, more details related with its tumor susceptibility had been revealed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with normal control, gene expression in FA group had significant been enriched in resistance to Bcl-2 inhibitor gene set, fibroblast growth factors signalling pathways, insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF) signalling pathways induced cancer genesis gene sets. The high level of D4S234E, SST, FGFs, IGFs, FGFRs and IGFBP expression provided an initiate environment for tumorgenesis and drug resistance. There were significant differences in biogenesis extracellular molecules and cytomembrane structure organizations between FA and control. Genes with promoter regions around transcription start sites containing either motif RRCAGGTGNCV or CCTNTMAGA were enriched and those former genes match annotation for tumorgenic transcription factor 3 (TCF3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The high tumor susceptibility of FA patients may be closely related with the dramatic changes in cancer related growth factors and hormones environment. This study provides new insights into tumor susceptibility mechanism in FA patients.</p>

Radiation-induced G2 phase arrest may contribute to the radioresistance of breast cancer stem cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate radiation-induced cell cycle changes of human breast cancer stem cells enriched by suspension culture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The tumorigenicity of human breast cancer stem cell line MCF-7 cultured in serum-free media was confirmed in NOD/SCID mice, and the radiosensitivity of the cells was tested by clone formation assay following radiation exposure. Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate radiation-induced cell cycle changes, and the protein expression of pCDC25C (ser216) was measured by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the exposure to 2 Gy radiation, the survived fraction of the cells in suspension culture and those in adherent culture was 0.856 ∓ 0.061 and 0.783 ∓ 0.097, respectively, and the cells in suspension culture showed an obviously greater capacity of tumorigenicity in NOD/SCID mice. The radiation exposure resulted in an obvious increase in the proportion of G2 phase cells from (22.03 ∓ 2.12)% to (45.83 ∓ 2.25)% and significantly increased the expression of pCDC25C (ser216).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radiation- induced G2 phase arrest may contribute to the resistance of the breast cancer stem cells to radiotherapy.</p>

Effect of shRNAmir lentiviral vector-mediated COX-2 silencing on the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of COX-2 silencing on the radiosensitivity of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line C666-1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Anti-COX-2 C666-1 cell line with COX-2 gene silencing mediated by shRNAmir lentiviral vector and the control cell line Anti-GL-2 C666-1 were exposed to various radiation doses. The clonogenic survival assay and curve fitting was used to calculate the radiobiological parameters and the sensitization enhancement ratio after the radiation. Cell cycle changes were assessed after the exposure by flow cytometric analysis. In a BALB/c nude mouse model, the growth curve of the xenografts was generated and the tumor growth inhibition rate was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control cells, Anti-COX-2 C666-1 cells showed obviously lowered values of SF2, D0 and Dq but significantly increased α/β with a sensitivity enhancement ratio of 1.4014. COX-2 gene silencing increased the inhibition rate of the tumor xenografts after the radiation, and caused also decreased percentage of G2/M arrest resulting from the exposure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Stable COX-2 silencing in NPC cells can improve the effect of radiotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. By changing the radiobiological parameters, genetically based COX-2 inhibitor may be a potentially promising radiosensitizer of NPC.</p>

Effect of gemcitabine in enhancing the radiosensitivity of HepG2 hepatoma cells and the possible mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of gemcitabine in enhancing the radiosensitivity of hepatoma cell line HepG2 and explore its mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clonogenic survival assay is employed to calculate the ratios of L-Q model radiation biology parameters and radiosensitization after different doses of irradiation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes in HepG2 cell cycle and apoptosis rate after gemcitabine treatment and radiation exposure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival fraction at 2 Gy of HepG2 cells treated with gemcitabine was significantly lower, and the value of alpha was significantly higher than those of untreated cells. GEM treatment increased the percentage of radiation-induced G0/G1 phase cells and cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gemcitabine can significantly enhance the radiosensitivity of HepG2 cells by enhancing radiation-induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and cell apoptosis.</p>

Therapeutic effect of acupoint-injection combined with electroacupuncture on chronic pharyngitis / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare therapeutic effects of acupoint-injection combined with electroacupuncture and oral administration of medicine on chronic pharyngitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The treatment group of 71 cases were treated by injection of fufangdanshen injectio into Tiantu (CV 22) combined with electroacupuncture at Renying (ST 9), and the control group of 51 cases were treated by oral administration of acetylspiramycin and qingyan tablet.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cured rate and the total effective rate were 60.5% and 90.1% in the treatment group, and 21.6% and 68.6% in the control group, with significantly differences between the two groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Therapeutic effect of acupoint-injection combined with electroacupuncture on chronic pharyngitis is superior to that of oral administration of medicine.</p>

The Cultural and Psychological Adaptation of Foreign Businessmen in China / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective: To investigate the cultural and psychological adaptation of business expatriates in the Chinese mainland. Methods: The questionnaires included sociocultural adaptation questionnaire and psychological adaptation questionnaire. Results: The construct of sociocultural adaptation could be divided into three dimensions: living conditions, interaction and communication, and cognition and value system. The sociocultural adaptation pattern showed a double-U-curve and the psychological adaptation pattern showed a decreasing tendency by time. There was no significant discrepancy in sociocultural adaptation across cultural distance. Conclusion: The cultural and psychological adaptation is difficult for business expatriates in China. The reasons perhaps include insufficient cultural training and improper training time.